![]() Examples of these rulers include Frederick the Great of Prussia (r. These rulers were characterized by legal, administrative, and educational improvements when it suited the state and as a means to enhance its power. This belief became prominent in the West during the Enlightenment of the 18th century, as scientists and philosophers discovered natural explanations for how the universe operated that did not rely on divine intervention.Įuropean rulers who sought to apply some of the reforms of the 18th century Enlightenment to their governments without giving up their own absolutist authority. He advocated a government based on popular sovereignty and was distrustful of other philosophes' suffocating conformity to "reason."Ī person who does not believe in the existence of God. Philosphe who published the "Social Contract." he posited that people are born good but are corrupted e education, laws, and society. Advocates that governments should not in any way interfere with business, as the marketplace provides an "inisible hand" to steer the economy. This period formed the basis of modern science.Įconomic philosophy of a "hands off" approach. French term for philosophers.Įighteenth-century period of scientific and philosophical innovation in which people investigated human nature and sought to explain reality through rationalism, the notion that truth comes only through rational, logical thinking. Most famous for writing "Encyclopedia", a handbook for Enlightenment ideas, etided be Denis Diderot. Championed freedom of religion and thought.īody of Enlightenment thinkers. ![]() ![]() Philosophe who wrote the "Candide", satirizing prejudice, oppressive government, and bigotry. ![]() He described the British model of divided branches of government with checks and balances as the ideal system, later influencing the framing of the U.S. Philosophe who wrote "Spirit of Laws" in 1748. British feminist of the eighteenth century who argued for women's equality with men, even in voting, in her 1792 "Vindication of the Rights of Women." ![]()
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